Lumbar Disc Herniation Model
The Professional LxH Disc Model is our most popular for patient education and now considered the standard in spine modeling. This intervertebral disc model includes:
- flexible and totally dynamic herniating (or prolapse) nucleus pulposus. This is achieved through a realistic 2-part intervertebral disc with 6 degrees of freedom. Nuclear migration upon manual compression through a torn annulus fibrosus explaining pain generators under load.
- right posterior-lateral radial and circumferential(concentric) tear
- intervertebral disc innervation to outer third of annulus to demonstrate discogenic pain
- nerve ingrowth (neo-innervation) to inner two thirds of damaged annulus to help demonstrate chronic pain
- partial left posterior-lateral radial tear to help demonstrate the progressive nature of disc herniation and earlier forms of degenerative disc disease
- anterior circumferential tear
- transparent L4
- clinic white opaque L5
- embedded nuclear structure to demonstrate nuclear shifting dynamics (embedded structure simulated proteoglycan)
- endplate (blue)
- endplate pores (black)
- endplate lesion (red)
- vasculature in L4 vertebral body (red)
- facet hyaline cartilage (blue)
- facet subchondrial vascularization (red)
- facet tropism (L5 inferior)
Detailed cauda equina includes: sensory and motor divisions, doral root ganglion, recurrent meningeal, gray rami communicantes, posterior primary division, dura mater, arachnoid sheath, rootlets, properly placed nerve root to accurately demonstrate the most commonly affected nerve with a post-lateral herniated disc.